While the Indian economy has performed well in terms of growth rate of GDP in the recent past, its performance in the form of human development indicators has been unsatisfactory. Social sectors like health, family welfare, education, employment, women empowerment, and rural infrastructure have lagged behind in the race for better standard of living. This book examines various issues associated with social uplift of Indian masses. It explains various schemes and programmes of the government to improve the living conditions of the disadvantaged groups of Indian society and comments on their implementation.