Since the late 1990s, scientists and environmental activists have held the hunting lifestyle of the Inuit responsible for the decline of certain Greenlandic animal populations. However, indigenous peoples (still) receive special status in the ecological discourse, in that the practice of resource-efficient dealings with natural (animal- and plant-based) goods is attributed to them.Nature in need of protection clashes with Greenlandic collective identity as the Greenlandic expression for local food - Kalaalimernit - becomes a contested terrain. Frank Sowa traces how the global models of »nature«, »indigeneity«, and »(national) culture« increasingly structure the capacity of local actors.