This book contains four selected chapters on infectious diseases, covering topics from prevention to control. Chapter One examines the potential of solid lipid nanoparticles to act as innovative treatment and prophylaxis options for infectious diseases. Chapter Two provides an agent-based model of infectious diseases that incorporates the roles of immune cells and antibodies. Chapter Three is an overview of endophytic actinobacteria as a source of novel bioactive metabolites for the treatment of infectious diseases. Chapter Four examines the issue of antibiotic resistance and stewardship that faces humanity at this time.