International Journal of security and Security Studies (IJoSSS) presents National, Regional and International perspectives on Security, Human Security Strategy issues and studies from historical and reality assessments. By disseminating graduate research and all-purpose research work internationally, IJoSSS seeks to facilitate students, scholars and professional acquisition of knowledge from alternative viewpoints allowing them to further develop critical thinking, problem-solving and global competencies required to lead in a complex world. International Journal of Security and Security Studies (IJoSSS) presents National, Regional and International perspectives on Security, Human Security Strategy issues and studies from historical and reality assessments by disseminating graduate research and all-purpose research work internationally. IJoSSS seeks to facilitate students, scholars and professional acquisition of knowledge from alternative viewpoints allowing them to further develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and global competencies required to lead in a complex world. IJoSSS: knowledge from alternative viewpoints, develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and global competencies required to lead in a complex world.