Introduction to Prescribed Fire in Southern Ecosystems
Editat de Forest Service (U.S.) Autor Thomas A Waldrop, Scott L Goodrick Editat de Southern Research Station (U.S.)en Limba Engleză Paperback – 28 mar 2018 – vârsta de la 18 ani
Prescribed
burning
is
an
important
tool
throughout
Southern
forests,
grasslands,
and
croplands.
The
need
to
control
fire
became
evident
to
allow
forests
to
regenerate.
This
manual
is
intended
to
help
resource
managers
to
plan
and
execute
prescribed
burns
in
Southern
forests
and
grasslands.
A
new
appreciation
and
interest
has
developed
in
recent
years
for
using
prescribed
fire
in
grasslands,
especially
hardwood
forests,
and
on
steep
mountain
slopes.
Proper
planning
and
execution
of
prescribed
fires
are
necessary
to
reduce
detrimental
effects,
such
as
the
impacts
on
air
and
downstream
water
quality.
Check out these related products:
Trees at Work: Economic Accounting for Forest Ecosystem Services in the U.S. Southcan be found here:https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/trees-work-economic-accounting-forest-ecosystem-services-us-south
Soil Survey Manual 2017is available here:https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/soil-survey-manual-march-2017
Quantifying the Role of the National Forest System Lands in Providing Surface Drinking Water Supply for the Southern United Statesis available here:https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/quantifying-role-national-forest-system-lands-providing-surface-drinking-water-supply
Fire Management Today print subscriptionis available here:https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/fire-management-today
Wildland Fire in Ecosystems: Fire and Nonnative Invasive Plantscan be found here:https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/wildland-fire-ecosystems-fire-and-nonnative-invasive-plants
Check out these related products:
Trees at Work: Economic Accounting for Forest Ecosystem Services in the U.S. Southcan be found here:https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/trees-work-economic-accounting-forest-ecosystem-services-us-south
Soil Survey Manual 2017is available here:https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/soil-survey-manual-march-2017
Quantifying the Role of the National Forest System Lands in Providing Surface Drinking Water Supply for the Southern United Statesis available here:https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/quantifying-role-national-forest-system-lands-providing-surface-drinking-water-supply
Fire Management Today print subscriptionis available here:https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/fire-management-today
Wildland Fire in Ecosystems: Fire and Nonnative Invasive Plantscan be found here:https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/wildland-fire-ecosystems-fire-and-nonnative-invasive-plants
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9780160943959
ISBN-10: 0160943957
Pagini: 84
Ilustrații: Illustrated in color
Dimensiuni: 216 x 279 x 6 mm
Greutate: 0 kg
Ediția:Revizuită
Editura: United States Dept. of Agriculture
Colecția Forest Service
ISBN-10: 0160943957
Pagini: 84
Ilustrații: Illustrated in color
Dimensiuni: 216 x 279 x 6 mm
Greutate: 0 kg
Ediția:Revizuită
Editura: United States Dept. of Agriculture
Colecția Forest Service
Cuprins
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
History and Ecology of Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Present Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Impact of Prescribed Burning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Reasons for Prescribed Fire in Forest and Grassland Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Reduce Hazardous Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Dispose of Logging Debris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Prepare Sites for Seeding or Planting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Improve Wildlife Habitat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Manage Competing Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Control Insects and Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Improve Forage for Grazing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Enhance Appearance and Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Perpetuate Species and Communities that Require Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Environmental Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Soil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Water Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Human Health and Welfare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Aesthetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Weather and Fuel Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Important Weather Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Collecting and Using Weather Information on the Burn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Firing Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Backing Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Strip-Heading Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Flanking Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Point Source Fires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Prescribed Burning on Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Aerial Ignition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Center and Circular (Ring) Firing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Pile and Windrow Burning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Contents
Introduction
History and Ecology of Fire
Present Use
Impact of Prescribed Burning
Reasons for Prescribed Fire in Forest and Grassland Management
Reduce Hazardous Fuels
Dispose of Logging Debris
Prepare Sites for Seeding or Planting
Improve Wildlife Habitat
Manage Competing Vegetation
Control Insects and Disease
Improve Forage for Grazing
Enhance Appearance and Access
Perpetuate Species and Communities that Require Fire
Environmental Effects
Vegetation
Soil
Water Quality
Air
Human Health and Welfare
Wildlife
Aesthetics
Weather and Fuel Considerations
Introduction
Important Weather Elements
Collecting and Using Weather Information on the Burn
Firing Techniques
General
Backing Fire
Strip-Heading Fire
Flanking Fire
Point Source Fires
Prescribed Burning on Slopes
Aerial Ignition
Center and Circular (Ring) Firing
Pile and Windrow Burning
Smoke Management
Introduction
Smoke Management Planning
Daytime Smoke Evaluation
Nighttime Smoke Evaluation
Other Points to Consider
Executing a Smoke Management Plan
Planning the Prescribed Burn
The Written Plan
Simple Understory Prescribed Burning Unit Plan
Understory Prescribed Burning Unit Plan
Postharvest Prescribed Burning Unit Plan
Preparing for the Prescribed Burn
Establishing Control Lines
After Control Lines are Established
Burn Unit Map
Executing the Burn
Checklist
Evaluating the Burn
General Points to be Considered
Points in First Evaluation
Points for Second Evaluation
Indications and Guidelines
Coordination of Burning
General Rules
Red Flag Situations
Glossary
Suggested Reading
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
History and Ecology of Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Present Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Impact of Prescribed Burning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Reasons for Prescribed Fire in Forest and Grassland Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Reduce Hazardous Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Dispose of Logging Debris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Prepare Sites for Seeding or Planting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Improve Wildlife Habitat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Manage Competing Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Control Insects and Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Improve Forage for Grazing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Enhance Appearance and Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Perpetuate Species and Communities that Require Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Environmental Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Soil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Water Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Human Health and Welfare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Aesthetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Weather and Fuel Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Important Weather Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Collecting and Using Weather Information on the Burn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Firing Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Backing Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Strip-Heading Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Flanking Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Point Source Fires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Prescribed Burning on Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Aerial Ignition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Center and Circular (Ring) Firing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Pile and Windrow Burning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Contents
Introduction
History and Ecology of Fire
Present Use
Impact of Prescribed Burning
Reasons for Prescribed Fire in Forest and Grassland Management
Reduce Hazardous Fuels
Dispose of Logging Debris
Prepare Sites for Seeding or Planting
Improve Wildlife Habitat
Manage Competing Vegetation
Control Insects and Disease
Improve Forage for Grazing
Enhance Appearance and Access
Perpetuate Species and Communities that Require Fire
Environmental Effects
Vegetation
Soil
Water Quality
Air
Human Health and Welfare
Wildlife
Aesthetics
Weather and Fuel Considerations
Introduction
Important Weather Elements
Collecting and Using Weather Information on the Burn
Firing Techniques
General
Backing Fire
Strip-Heading Fire
Flanking Fire
Point Source Fires
Prescribed Burning on Slopes
Aerial Ignition
Center and Circular (Ring) Firing
Pile and Windrow Burning
Smoke Management
Introduction
Smoke Management Planning
Daytime Smoke Evaluation
Nighttime Smoke Evaluation
Other Points to Consider
Executing a Smoke Management Plan
Planning the Prescribed Burn
The Written Plan
Simple Understory Prescribed Burning Unit Plan
Understory Prescribed Burning Unit Plan
Postharvest Prescribed Burning Unit Plan
Preparing for the Prescribed Burn
Establishing Control Lines
After Control Lines are Established
Burn Unit Map
Executing the Burn
Checklist
Evaluating the Burn
General Points to be Considered
Points in First Evaluation
Points for Second Evaluation
Indications and Guidelines
Coordination of Burning
General Rules
Red Flag Situations
Glossary
Suggested Reading