The intensity of nutritional deficiencies in developing countries is increasing day by day. There is a dire need to address these problems practically. Iodine deficiency is amongst one of these problems. To know the exact magnitude of the problem is essential for effective strategy. A cross-sectional study was conducted in urban and rural communities of District Peshawar to estimate the consumption of iodized salt at households level and to assess the prevalence of IDD by clinical and biochemical measurements. Weight, height and mid arm circumference measurements were also taken to know about the nutritional status of the children. It is hoped that the present work might be helpful for Government and national and international agencies to devise strategies to eradicate the evil menace of iodine deficiency.