This book reviews global issues, challenges and perspectives of the 21st century. Chapter One focuses on recent history and contemporary political issues to explain the ongoing conflicts in Iraq. Chapter Two aims to find out the answers on how Islamic economics system will shape the future global economy. Chapter Three discusses Islam and essentialism. Chapter Four focuses on challenges and perspectives of teaching Muslim religious education in the 21st century. Chapter Five explores how Muslims have themselves become a burden to the religion of Islam in the 21st century as a result of their intransigent on issues and the belief that the only way to be a Muslim is to live in the 7th century of the earlier period of Islam.