A survey of Sharia criminal law, commissioned by the European Commission, and to provide analysis of the re-islamification of the Northern Nigerian states, based on classical Islamic texts. The study clarifies and explains the circumstances and background to these new codes, paying special attention to the Koraic offences of fornication, theft, robbery and alcohol consumption. It further identifies conflicts between these codes and the human rights principles guaranteed in the Nigerian federal constitution, and in the United Nations conventions on human rights to which Nigeria is a signatory; and surmises the views of the local people about the laws. The author is Professor of Islamic Law at the University of Amsterdam.