Islamic movements have maintained a strong presence in the political and social life of the Arab world since the last century, through the active pursuit of the Islamization of their particular state or society. The strength of the movements has led to clashes and prolonged confrontations with some Arab regimes, which have greatly affected political and social stability in these states. This book consists of important studies by six leading specialists on Islamic movements, including Hasan Hanafi, Ahmad Moussalli and Radwan Al-Sayyid. The analyses focus on the conditions that led to the emergence of the various Islamic movements and the relationships between their thinking and praxis in particular political and social contexts. The contributors also discuss the radical and moderate orientations of these movements, highlighting the reasons behind such approaches and their impact on the current situation in the Arab world.