Dental implants are used routinely throughout the world to replace missing teeth. With the broadening of treatment options and an increasing number of clinicians who provide implant therapy, it is important to ensure that the treatment methods used meet the highest clinical standards.

The ITI Treatment Guide series is a compendium of evidence-based implant-therapy techniques and procedures for daily practice. Written by renowned clinicians and supported by contributions from expert practitioners, the ITI Treatment Guides provide a comprehensive overview of various clinical options. The management of different clinical situations is discussed with an emphasis on sound diagnostics, evidencebased treatment concepts, and predictable treatment outcomes with minimal risk to the patient. Volume 8 of the ITI Treatment Guide provides clinicians with the latest evidence-based information on the origins and treatment of biological as well as hardware complications. This analysis of the current evidence is based in part on the proceedings of the 4th ITI Consensus Conference held in Stuttgart in 2008 and of the 5th Consensus Conference held in Bern in 2013, as well as on a review of the current literature. Sixteen step-by-step clinical cases presented by experienced clinicians from all over the world illustrate the diagnosis and treatment of complications.

The forthcoming Volume 9 of the ITI Treatment Guide series will address implant therapy in geriatric patients.

Table of Contents
1 Introduction

2 Literatur Review
2.1 Statements and Recommendations Obtained
2.2 Literature Review: Biological Complications
2.3 Literature Review: Hardware Complications and Failures

3 Etiology and Risk Factors: Biological Complications
3.1 Peri-implant Infections
3.2 Non-plaque-related Biological Complications

4 Etiology and Origin of Hardware Complications
4.1 Materials and Interfaces
4.2 Absorption of Kinetic Energy and Biomechanical Risks
4.3 Hardware-related Complications and Failures

5 Management of Biological Complications
5.1 Treatment of Peri-implant Mucositis
5.2 Treatment of Peri-implantitis
5.3 Non-plaque-related Biological Complications

6 Management of Hardware Complications
6.1 Hardware Complications
6.2 Superstructure-related Complications
6.3 Iatrogenic Reasons

7 Prevention of Biological Complications
7.1 Prevention of Peri-implant Infections
7.2 Prevention of Loss of Osseointegration Due to Occlusal Overload
7.3 Prevention of Non-plaque-related Oral Mucosal Disorders
7.4 Concluding Remarks

8 Prevention of Hardware Complications
8.1 Prevention of Complications Related to Components and Reconstructions
8.2 Risk Management

9 Clinical Case Presentations
Biological Complications
Biological Complications (Other than Infections)
Hardware Complications

10 Etiology, Management, and Prevention of Hardware Complications with Implant-supported Reconstructions

11 Conclusions

12 References