This joint publication prescribes doctrine for joint airspace control in the operational area. The prescribed doctrine is broadly stated to fit a wide range of situations requiring military control of airspace. It outlines fundamental principles, relationships, and broad operational-level guidelines, and is intended to provide the basic framework upon which to build an airspace control system (ACS) for an operational area. The joint force commander (JFC) normally designates a joint force air component commander (JFACC) as commander for joint air operations. The JFC also normally designates an area air defense commander (AADC) and an airspace control authority (ACA). When the JFC designates a JFACC, the JFC also normally designates the JFACC as the AADC and ACA. The ACA plans, coordinates, and develops airspace control procedures and operates the ACS. The JFC may designate a separate ACA and/or AADC, in which case, close coordination is essential for unity of effort.