Personnel services support is a sustainment function executed at the tactical, operational, and strategic levels by the Services under their Title 10, United States Code (USC), authority. Integrated personnel support is a vital component of operational effectiveness and, when executed properly, becomes a combat multiplier for the joint force. The joint force commander (JFC) and the manpower and personnel directorate of a joint staff (J-1) continually maintain visibility of personnel manning levels to anticipate requirements and provide timely manpower support to planned operations or to direct the planning and execution of branches or sequels that can best accomplish the task, given existing constraints and restraints. Authorization and guidance for implementation of personnel programs in support of joint operations are set forth in Titles 5, 10, 38, and 39, USC, and in Department of Defense (DOD) and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) issuances. Services and Service components will retain authority for personnel support to their forces assigned or attached to joint commands, subject to the coordinating guidance of the J-1 issued under the authority of the JFC. This publication is the keystone document of the personnel series. It provides doctrine for planning, coordinating, and providing personnel support to joint operations.