This book offers an analytical view of the jurisdictional action carried out in peasant communities, which sometimes tends to be in conflict with national legislation. Learn with us about the problems generated by the clash of two worldviews of the legal world. Ancestral customary law versus Western positive law have given rise to a broad debate on the possible infringement of the rights to life and individual liberty, due to the justiciary actions of the community members. We focused on Cuyumalca - Cajamarca as the region considered to be the cradle of the rondas campesinas. Finally, we strive for a culture of social peace through the consolidation of the intercultural justice policy in a country as diverse as Peru.