Khronicheskie bolezni nizhnikh dykhatel'nykh putey v bol'shinstve razvitykh stran mira shiroko rasprostraneny i imeyut tendentsiyu k neuklonnomu rostu, chto opredelyaet ikh vazhnoe sotsial'no - ekonomicheskoe znachenie. Rassmotrena evolyutsiya predstavleniy o khronicheskikh boleznyakh nizhnikh dykhatel'nykh putey v istoricheskom aspekte ot Ciba simpoziuma do MKB-9 i MKB-10. Bol'shinstvo issledovateley priznaet nalichie doklinicheskogo perioda v razvitii khronicheskikh bolezney nizhnikh dykhatel'nykh putey. Dlya razrabotki rekomendatsiy po doklinicheskoy diagnostike khronicheskikh bolezney nizhnikh dykhatel'nykh putey ustanovleny naibolee sushchestvennye faktory riska ikh raz-vitiya, opredelena chislennaya znachimost' kazhdogo i ikh sochetaniy, kolichestvenno opredelen individual'nyy indeks riska razvitiya ukazannykh zabolevaniy. Privodyatsya osnovy avtorskoy metodologii s ispol'zovaniem matematicheskikh metodov korrelyatsii i regressii dlya sozdaniya programmy diagnostiki, predlozhen algoritm deystviy dlya postanovki doklinicheskogo diagnoza. Poluchenie dopolnitel'nykh personal'nykh dannykh o nalichii infektsionnogo, allergicheskogo sindromov, giperreaktivnosti bronkho - legochnoy sistemy ili ikh sochetaniy povyshaet kachestvo profilakticheskikh meropriyatiy