What cognitions, opinions and actions emerge from individual and collective historical experiences? These are the questions behind the contributions included in this volume dedicated to Dan Diner on the occasion of his 65th birthday. The focus is on both general and Jewish history, particularly the various forms of Jewish identity, which are studied against the background of their cultural characteristics in diverse historical contexts. The contributions stem from experts in history, the social sciences, literary science as well as jurisprudence, philosophy and Islamic Studies.