The health of the Chesapeake Bay has deteriorated substantially because of nutrient pollution. Three main sources of the pollution are agriculture, air pollution, and sewage treatment facilities. This book focused on the nutrient pollution caused by sewage treatment facilities. In the Chesapeake Bay region, there are approximately 300 significant publicly owned treatment facilities that discharge over 0.5 MGD. It is estimated by the Chesapeake Bay Program that approximately 285 million pounds of nitrogen was discharged into the Bay in 2000, reducing DO levels, which in turn adversely affects the Bay ecosystem. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using land application of treated wastewater effluent to reduce the pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus. Using soil maps and state regulation documentation, we determined the potential of present POTWs to upgrade to utilize spray irrigation. Also, using planning equations, the amount of acres needed for the treatment process was estimated and the suitability of new treatment sites within a 5-mile radius of the wastewater facilities were evaluated.