The development in science of imaging, especially in the field of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS), has provided a very strong base for monitoring and carrying out various conservative projects. Vegetation mapping with the help of remote sensing is one of the useful information in environmental planning. Remotely sensed data is used for the generation of various resource maps like landuse/ land cover, surface water resources, drainage, ground water prospects, soils etc. these databases are integrated in GIS to generate specific recommendation for land and water resources development on watershed basis. The book emphasis the study in Awangkhujairok microwatershed (Senapati District, Manipur, India) for the identification and evaluation of landuse/ land cover using remote sensing and GIS tools. Various information relating to anthropogenic activities responsible for the current change in landuse pattern are discussed which may help in recommending the future management programmes. The book will help in creating awareness among the academicia and various stake holders about the application of remote sensing and GIS in the studies of microwatershed.