Learning strategies are among salient learner variables affecting success in second language acquisition. This book provides comprehensive coverage of the topics related to these strategies in second and foreign language learning contexts. The book begins with the perspectives contributing to the impetus for the shift of emphasis toward learning strategies. It features careful explanations of various aspects of strategies, including the history of research on language learning strategies, strategy classifications, and categories of strategies. It also examines the methods for the assessment of learning strategies. It concludes with research on the role of gender and proficiency variables on strategy use. Focusing on these aspects, the book can function as a textbook for the study of language learning strategies for L2 teachers, researchers, and students of applied linguistics.