This book has a double purpose: to edit, using papyri in the Austrian National Library, a municipal archive of Hermoupolis Magna known only by the handwritten transcriptions of C. Wessely in 1905 (Stud. Pal. V) without translation or commentary; and to reveal, using this firsthand source from an Egyptian metropolis with close ties to the emperor Gallienus, the contrasted situation between 264 and 268, just before his assassination.