The monograph is devoted to the complex analysis of the anatomical conceptosphere and the description of the linguistic means of its objectification. The solution of these questions is connected with the necessity of revealing the regularities of anatomical terminology functioning in the speech of specialists. In some branches of medicine we meet specialized terms, not included in the International Nomenclature, and the analysis of medical discourse reveals the situation of terminology lagging behind the practical tasks of the subject area. In professional speech there is a detailed elaboration of concepts and naming objects of pragmatic significance in order to fill terminological gaps. In this regard, the cognitive and communicative approach to the description of anatomical object is applied in the work, including modeling of anatomical conceptosphere, identifying the ways of its linguistic objectification, as well as establishing the patterns of its functioning in the medical discourse. The monograph is addressed to specialists in the field of cognitive linguistics, terminologists, teachers and graduate students of medical universities.