Coffee houses are now once again a familiar sight in London's high streets. They are the latest manifestation of an institution which began in the seventeenth century. Ads from the Restoration, London was awash with coffee houses. They were used not only for refreshment, but for business, auctions, medical treatment, news gathering hiring servants or just conversation. They were considered dangerously radical places by the authorities. In the 19th century the Temperance bourn introduced coffee taverns to wean drinkers away from gin palaces. In the 1950s came the coffee bars dispensing new kinds of coffee accompanied by new music -- skiffle and rock and roll -- in crowded basements. And of late new chains of coffee houses, with predictable decor and little atmosphere, have invaded London. This major survey of the coffee houses is the most authoritative yet published, and is accompanied by many illustrations.