In the present study, an attempt has been made to delineate alteration in cerebellar hemisphere of albino rats following nicotine exposure. From the above findings the following conclusions were drawn: •There was no change in weight of cerebellum following long term exposure of nicotine. •The thickness of the molecular layer was decreased significantly in experimental group rats. •The thickness of the granular layer was decreased significantly in the experimental group rats. •There was marked histopathological changes like glioma in the molecular layer of the experimental group rats. •There was significant loss of the Purkinje cells following nicotine. •The shape of the Purkinje cells was grossly altered. •The vertical diameter of the Purkinje cells had decremental trend significantly following nicotine. •Although the transverse diameter of the Purkinje cells did not follow a particular trend, it was changed significantly. •The morphology of the white core of the cerebellum had extensive changes such as vacuolation, capillary dilatation, oedema.