This publication is directed at decision-makers and technical experts in the fields of environment and health. It provides the basis for assessing environmental risks to children's health at the national and global level, and for monitoring the effectiveness of initiatives to protect children's environmental health. Making a difference: indicators to improve children's environmental health, describes a child-specific conceptual model for indicators, the so-called MEME (Multiple Exposures Multiple Effects) model, and discusses the criteria for designing, collecting and reporting children's environmental health indicators. The enclosed CD-ROM contains a set of template indicators for the links between environmental exposures and the five biggest killers of children under five: perinatal diseases, respiratory diseases, diarrhoeal diseases, vector-borne diseases and physical injuries.