Human Immunodeficiency Virus, infectious agent that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a disease that leaves a person vulnerable to life-threatening infections. Scientists have identified two types of this virus. There is no cure or effective vaccine for HIV infection. Efforts at prevention have focused primarily on changes in sexual behaviour such as the practice of abstinence and the use of condoms. Attempts to reduce intravenous drug use and to discourage the sharing of needles have also led to a reduction in infection rates in some areas. Moreover; Stigma remains the single most important barrier to public action. It is a main reason why too many people are afraid to see a doctor to determine whether they have the disease or to seek treatment if so. It helps make AIDS the silent killer, because people fear the social disgrace of speaking about it, or taking easily available precautions, stigma is a chief reason why the AIDS epidemic continues to devastate societies around the world. Many of us will be called to minister or counsel others who are concerned about their HIV status. It is important for us to understand how to counsel or reach out these individuals.