This book gives an account of the process of institutionalization of the teaching profession and the teaching profession (teacher training) in Uruguay, specifically of the material school culture. Its origin, and specifically the permanences that reach up to the XXI century. Its substantive value has to do with the presentation of the different socio-historical dimensions of institutionalization from the production and reproduction of the foundational matrices. It also explores the way in which the material school culture is closely related to the patrimonial value of education and the construction of teachers' identities. The theoretical-conceptual analysis presented here is part of the author's doctoral thesis entitled: "The material school culture in teacher training and teacher education in Uruguay". The thesis was supervised by Dr. Myriam Southwell and was carried out at the Faculty of Humanities and Educational Sciences of the National University of La Plata, Argentina.