A volume in Research in Mathematics Education Series Editor Barbara J. Dougherty, University of Mississippi This volume contains the proceedings of the First International Curriculum Conference sponsored by the Center for the Study of Mathematics Curriculum (CSMC). The CSMC is one of the National Science Foundation Centers for Learning and Teaching (Award No. ESI-0333879). The countries-China, Japan, Korea, and Singapore (in alphabetical order, which also happens to be the order of their populations)-have each been in the news because of their performance on international tests and/or their economic performance and potential. They also have centralized education ministries that create a single mathematics curriculum framework followed in the entire country.