The work of the eminent Viennese physician and philosopher, Viktor Emil Frankl (1905-1997), extends over a wide horizon of research: from philosophical and ethical problems, through anthropological questions to the field of psychotherapy and psychopathology. His work has had a significant effect on psychotherapy, education and the various helping professions.The studies of this volume argue that the third Viennese school of psychotherapy founded by Viktor E. Frankl can be regarded as an eminently philosophical trend of psychotherapy. It claims that logotherapy and existential analysis are impossible to understand without their philosophical foundations. Accordingly, the studies of the volume analyze the philosophical aspects of Viktor E. Frankl's work and follow the practical perspectives delineated by the relationship of philosophy and psychotherapy: they tackle, in turns, the possibilities of psychotherapy as philosophy, and philosophy as psychotherapy. The connections of philosophy and psychotherapy are outlined in the following fields of logotherapy and existential analysis: critique of psychologism, anthropology and personality theory, philosophy of logos (axiology and theory of meaning), motivation theory, methodology of therapy, philosophy of religion.