In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of the ecosystems, economic importance and environmental threats to the Mediterranean Sea. Topics discussed include the need for an economic and business oriented approach to ecosystem services in the Mediterranean Sea; marine pollution from shipwrecks at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea; the effects of produced formation water (PFW) on the marine environment of the Mediterranean Sea; Secchi depth and water quality control; an environmental modelling plan for the construction and operation of a marine terminal for regasifying liquefied natural gas in the North Adriatic Sea; and a study of bioactive peptides from the venom of the Mediterranean cone snail conus ventricosus.