In this text, the authors present current research in the study of the structural biochemistry, formation and function, and usage of micelles. The topics discussed in this compilation include acid-base equilibrium in aqueous micellar solutions of surfactants; computational methods as tools for the study of RM structure and dynamics; thermodynamic aspects of micelles; micellisation of gemini surfactants in aqueous solutions; micelles from lipoamino acids; construction of block copolymer micelles and single-chain nanoparticles in non-selective solvents; block polyelectrolyte micelles/protein mixed nanostructures in aqueous media; and a treatment strategy for the gastrointestinal development of extremely premature infants by administration of micelles derived from pulmonary surfactants and the vernix caseosa in pregnant rabbits.