The effects of soil tillage on the activities of soil microbes can significantly affect the environment and is of ecological and economical significance. Such a subject includes a wide range of details related to the performance of soil microbes under different tillage practices and the subsequent effects. With respect to the positive effects of new tillage practices on the properties of soil and hence plant growth and crop production, they are now being used more widely, compared with the traditional method of tillage. In this book some of the latest details related to the use of different tillage practices on the activities and performance of soil microbes have been presented and analysed. Hoping that such a contribution is used efficiently, worldwide.