Microfinance has proven to be an effective and powerful tool for poverty elimination. Like many other develoment tools, however, it has inadequately penetrated the poorer strata of society. The poorest form the vast majority of those without access to primary health care and basic education; similarly, they are the majority of those without access to microfinance. While there is no question that the poorest can benefit from primary health care and from basic education, it is not as intuitive that they can also benefit from microfinance, or that microfinance is an appropriate tool by which to reach the people at the bottom of the pyramid. This book accords a better understanding of different aspects of microfinance. This book contributes in two important ways to the understanding of microfinance: cognition building and current scenario of microfinance in India. It constructs a critical analysis of microfinance and the developmental understanding and assumptions found within it.