Despite an ecological and economical importance of sycamore, there exist very limited studies about the genetic aspects, which is important for designing strategies for conservation and management of genetic resources of the species. Recently, application of microsatellites DNA markers in the field of population genetics are getting popular due to their high variability and co-dominant nature. This books deals with the development and application of microsatellites DNA markers for the species. Eight microsatellites DNA markers were developed for the first time for the genus Acer. The developed microsatellite markers were applied to study the genetic variation, genetic structure and aspects of pollen transfer in two natural populations of sycamore. It also reports the cross-transferrability of those markers in 21 species of genus Acer. This book is useful for the individuals, professionals and students, who have interest on conservation and management of genetic resources of forest tree species.