This report contains research on behaviors and other factors contributing to the rural fire problem; identifies mitigation programs, technologies, and strategies to address those problems; and proposes actions that USFA can take to better implement programs in rural communities. In the Spring of 2004, the U S Fire Administration (USFA) partnered with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) in a cooperative agreement project entitled Mitigating the Rural Fire Problem. The purpose of the project was to examine what can be done to reduce the high death rate from fires in rural U S communities. Rural communities, defined by the U S Census Bureau as communities with less than 2,500 population, have a fire death rate twice the national average. The objectives of the project were to a) conduct research on behaviors and other factors contributing to the rural fire problem, b) identify mitigation programs, technologies, and strategies to address those problems, and c) propose actions that USFA Public Education Division can take to better implement programs in rural communities. Research sources included a review of the published literature, some original statistical analysis, and information from national technical experts who have worked with NFPA.