The creation of Telangana as a separate state of the Indian Union on June 2, 2014 fulfilled the long cherished dream of the people of the region. In 1724, the Telangana region was part of the Hyderabad state under the Nizam. The Muslim rulers of the Asaf Jahi dynasty had no love for the country and tried to dismember India in 1948 by trying to create Osmanistan. Part I of this book describes how the people of Telangana fought to safeguard the unity of India. They succeeded in their attempts when the Government of India successfully launched 'Police Action' against the Nizam in September 1948. This part of the book concludes when the Hyderabad state trifurcated and Telangana was merged with other Telugu areas to form a new state called Andhra Pradesh. Part II describes why the Telangana people yearned for a separate identity as a state. The people wished for the golden age of the Kakatiya Dynasty. The Kakatiya rulers (11-14th century) patronised Telugu language and culture, secular ideals and had a corruption free government, equality of sexes and practised water conservation. The new Telangana government is trying to create a Bangaru Telangana (Golden Telangana) by emulating the rule of the Kakatiya dynasty.