Molecular Biology, Pathogenicity, and Ecology of Bacterial Plasmids de Stuart B. Levy

Molecular Biology, Pathogenicity, and Ecology of Bacterial Plasmids

Stuart B. Levy

This book resulted from presentations at an international conference on bacterial p1asmids held January 5-9, 1981 in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. This was the first meeting of its kind in the Southern Hemisphere. The meeting place was selected for its relaxed and comfortable climate, conducive to interactions among participants. More importantly the locale facilitated the participation of nearby Latin American clinical and research scientists who deal directly with the health manifestations of pathogenic p1asmids. Diseases and socio-economic practices of developing countries exist in the Dominican Republic whose scientific community could directly benefit from having the meeting there. The book includes the talks as well as extended abstracts of poster presentations from the meeting. This combination, which provides readers with reviews as well as recent findings, captures the full scientific exchange which took place during the 5-day meeting. As one indication of pathogenicity related to p1asmids, the conferees were surveyed for gastro-intestina1 problems during and after their stay in the Dominican Republic. The results are summarized at the end of this book.

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Cuprins

I. Epidemiology and Ecology of Bacterial Plasmids.- Evolution Among Antibiotic Resistance Plasmids in the Hospital Environment.- R Factors Present in Epidemic Strains on Shigella and Salmonella Species Found in Mexico.- Trimethoprim-Resistant Bacteria in Hospital and in the Community: Spread of Plasmids and Transposons.- Ecological Factors That Affect the Survival, Establishment, Growth and Genetic Recombination of Microbes in Natural Habitats.- Epidemiology and Genetics of Hemolysin Formation in Escherichia Coli.- Dorothee Miiller and Colin Hughes Chromosomal and Plasmid-Mediated Transfer of Clindamycin Resistance in Bacteroides Fragilis.- Campylobacter Jejuni: Characteristic Features of the Organism and Identification of Transmissible Plasmids in Tetracycline-Resistant Clinical Isolates.- Studies on Drug Resistance Transposons in HaemophilusInfluenzae R Plasmids.- Plasmids in Streptococci: A Review.- II. Pathogenicity: Mechanisms and contributing Factors.- Bacterial Pathogenicity, An Overview.- Cloning and Expression of the Genes Encoding for the Adhesive Antigens K88 and K99.- Invasive Bacterial Pathogens of the Intestine: Shigella Virulence Plasmids and Potential Vaccine Approaches.- Plasmid-Specified Iron Uptake by Bacteraemic Strains of Escherichia Coli.- Serum Resistance in E. Coli.- III. Mechanisms of Resistance.- Antibiotic Resistance — A Survey.- Regulation of Plasmid Specified MLS-Resistance in Bacillus Subtilis by Conformational Alteration of RNA Structure.- Control and DNA Structure of the ampC ?-Lactamase Gene of Escherichia Coli.- Mechanisms of Plasmid-Determined Heavy Metal Resistances.- IV. Transfer and Mobilization of Plasmids.- Conjugation and Resistance Transfer in Streptococci and Other Gram Positive Species: Plasmids, Sex Pheromones andConjugative Transposons (A Review).- Sites and Systems for Conjugal DNA Transfer in Bacteria.- Conjugative Pili of Plasmids in Escherichia Coli K-12 and Pseudomonas Species.- The Pathway of Plasmid Transformation in Pneumococcus.- Plasmids of the Gonococcus.- Genetic Organization and Expression of Non-Conjugative Plasmids.- V. Plasmid Replication, Maintenance and Incompatibility.- Structure-Function Relationships in Essential Regions for Plasmid Replication.- Control of Plasmid Replication and Its Relationship to Incompatibility.- Structure and Function of the Replication Origin Region of the Resistance Factors R100 and Rl.- Plasmid Rl Incompatibility. Contribution From the cop/rep and From the par Systems.- Copy Number Control and Incompatibility of incFII R Plasmids.- Replication and Incompatibility Functions in Mini-F Plasmids.- Plasmid Mini-F Encoded Functions Involved in Replication and Incompatibility.- Nucleotide Sequence Change in a ColEl Copy Number Mutant.- VI. Transposition and Genetic Rearrangements.- Transposition and Rearrangements in Plasmid Evolution.- Complementation of Transposition Functions Encoded by Transposons Tn501(HgR) and Tnl721(TetR).- The Structure of Tn5.- Transposition of the Inverted Repeats of Tn15.- Host Functions Required for Transposition of Tn5 from ?b221 c1857 rex: :Tn5.- Plasmid Mobilization As A Tool for In Vivo Genetic E1ngineering.- VII. Medical, Public Health and Industrial Applications of Plasmids.- Proinsulin From Bacteria.- Construction and Properties of Plasmid Vectors Containing the trp Regulatory Region Suitable for Expressing Foreign Genes.- Isolation and Analysis of a Cosmid Hybrid Containing the Human Genomic Interferon Gene, HuIFN?l.- Development of Broad Host-Range Plasmid Vectors.- The Survival of EK1 and EK2Systems in Sewage Treatment Plant Models.- cos Plasmid in Bacillus Subtilis.- A Mutational and Transcriptional Analysis of a Tumor Inducing Plasmid of Agrobacterium Tumefaciens.- Transfer, Maintenance and Expression of Genes Introduced into Plant Cells Via the Tl Plasmid.- Rhizobium Plasmids: Their Role in the Nodulation of Legumes.- Metabolic Plasmid Organization and Distribution.- Degradative Plasmids: TOL and Beyond.- Plasmids in the Biodegradation of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds.- VIII. Effects of Antibiotic Usage on Antibiotic Resistance in Man and Animals.- Antibiotic Resistance of Gram Negative Bacteria in Mexico: Relationship to Drug Consumption.- Plasmid Mediated Ampicillin Resistance in a Strain of Haemophilus Pleuropneumoniae Isolated from Swine.- R Plasmids in Pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae from Calves.- Effects of Antibiotics in Animal Feed on the Antibiotic Resistance of the Gram Positive Bacterial Flora of Animals and Man.- Multiply-resistant Clones of Salmonella Typhimurium in Britian: Epidemiological and laboratory aspects.- IX. Brief Reports on all Topics.- Statement Regarding Worldwide Antibiotic Misuse.- Conference Participants.- Author Index.