Mothering India addresses this lack and concentrates on early Indianwomen's fiction written between 1890 and 1947. It not only evaluatesthe influence of women authors on the rise of IWE, but also exploreshow they reassessed and challenged stereotypes about womanhoodin India, adding their voice to the larger debate about social reformlegislations on women's rights. Moreover, in choosing to write inthe colonizer's language, they seized the attention of a much widerinternational readership. In wielding their pens, these trendsettingwomen stepped into the literary landscape as 'speaking subjects',refusing the passivity of being 'spoken-of objects', and thereby'mothering' India by redefining her image.