There are many occupational hazards. In recent years, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) have gained considerable importance. Specialists even talk about a real pandemic, i.e. a worldwide epidemic. MSDs are currently considered to be so-called "emerging" risks. An emerging risk is defined as "any risk that is both new and increasing". These few sentences raise some questions: is this phenomenon really new? Are we all concerned (population, socio-professional categories, country or region of the world)? Can we act and how? This report gives a brief introduction to MSDs (history, causes, etc.), and these elements will enable us to discuss the need for MSD prevention in greater detail and to look at the issues and impacts of MSDs on both our professional and personal lives. Based on this information, we will look at the MSD prevention approach within companies. Finally, the last part is devoted to the different means of action and their follow-up, as well as the aid schemes for companies set up by the legislator.