This book focuses on the effect of natural substances, bioactive compounds and bacteriocins on rabbit production and reproduction, performance, gastrointestinal microbiota, health parameters, and metabolic processes in rabbits. Obtained information may help in the utilization of natural additives in human and veterinary healthcare without negative impact on environment and animal welfare. Finally, special attention is given to urgent need for more studies to understand the metabolic processes of natural compounds on a molecular level, to establish the beneficial dose.