New Aspects on Respiratory Failure

1: The Clinical Aspects of Respiratory Failure as a Result of Biochemical and Immunological Reactions: Endotoxin, Cytokines, and Receptors.- E. coli Sepsis-Induced Pulmonary Injury.- Regulation of the Cellular Immune Response and Interaction with the Endothelium by Changes in Membrane Receptors.- Increased Expression of the Low-Affinity Receptor for IgE (FceRII/CD23) on Rat Alveolar Macrophages.- 2: Cellular Reactions and Interactions: Macrophages and Leukocytes.- The Role of Alveolar and Intravascular Macrophages in Acute Lung Injury: New Methods and New Mechanisms.- Pulmonary Fibrosis: Role of Inflammatory Cells in Local Injury and Fibrosis.- 3: Mediators and Nonspecific Effectors: Eicosanoids, Proteases and Oxygen Radicals.- Eicosanoids and Acute Respiratory Failure — Pathophysiologic and Therapeutic Aspects.- Dietary Modification of the Arachidonic Acid Cascade.- Proteinases as Mediators of the Disturbance of Pulmonary Vascular Permeability in Sepsis, Polytrauma, and ARDS.- The Involvement of Oxygen Radicals and Their Derivatives in ARDS.- 4: Pulmonary Circulation.- Regulation of the Pulmonary Circulation During Lung Injury.- Investigations of the Pathophysiology of the Pulmonary Microcirculation Using In-vivo Microscopy.- Pulmonary Capillary Transit Times in Fully Recruited Networks.- New Drugs for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- 5: Gas Exchange.- Effects of Mechanical Ventilation and Cardiac Output upon Perfusion in Hypoxic Lung Areas.- Determination of Lung Water Content and Distribution by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.- Volumetric Evaluation of Diaphragm Motion.- 6: Mechanics of Breathing and Surfactant.- Inflation and Atelectasis in a Topographical Model of the Lung.- Oscillation Mechanics in Respiratory Monitoring.- The Pulmonary Surfactant System: Its Contribution to Lung Alveolar Stability, Alteration in Acute Respiratory Failure, and Replacement as a Therapeutical Concept.- Effects of Artificial Ventilation on Surfactant Function.- 7: The Respiratory Pump.- Assessment of Dyspnea and Respiratory Muscle Function.- Muscle Fatigue in Acute Respiratory Failure.- Coordination of Respiratory Muscles.- 8: Artificial Ventilation.- Polymorphous Ventilation: A New Ventilation Concept for Distributed Time Constants.- Success of Pressure Support Ventilation and Combined High Frequency Ventilation with Respect to Extravascular Lung Water.- Biphasic Positive Airway Pressure (BIPAP).- Technical Aspects of Patient-Ventilator Interactions.- Learnt Ventilation Processes.- 9: Tissue Oxygenation and Organ Metabolism.- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Possibilities of a Computer-Based Hemodynamic Multisensor System.- Intrathoracic Blood Volume Accurately Reflects Circulating Volume Status in Critically Ill Patients.- Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Metabolic Organ Dysfunction.- 10: Posters.- Generation of Free Oxygen Radicals and Chemotactic Desensitization Following Burn Injury.- A Prospective Evaluation of the Influence of Extrapulmonary Factors on Mechanical Ventilation.- The Relationship of SpO2 93%-95% to Arterial Blood Gases and Pulmonary Function Parameters.