With the Edict of Toleration of Religion in 1905, several Russians of a mystical mind took advantage of it to form or resurrect what they considered the ancient forms of esoteric Orders. These were the new Rosicrucians. Their inspired mentors compiled volumes of mystic philosophy, and which they combined with their personal notions of what the ancient Orders were, and so formed groups. This volume investigates 3 principal neo-Rosicrucians Orders of early Soviet Russia: Emesh Redivivus, the Orionist-Manicheans, and the Lux Astralis, their origins, leaders and members, beliefs and rites, and their persecution by Soviet authority, including their exiles, imprisonments and even executions, and their testimonies during interrogation. The volume includes a translation from Russian into English of a selection of the major compositions of their esoteric mentors, which further delve into their ideology of the evolution of the universe, the concepts of good and bad, the difference between the corporeal and the spiritual, our purpose and philosophy of life, and the aspiration for truth and moral perfection. Only original Russian sources are used to compile this record. Daniel H. Shubin has written many books on Russian philosophy, religion, biography and history.