The book discusses factors influencing the effectiveness of strategic management and leadership among NGOs. It is based on a study of strategic management and leadership practices in some selected NGOs. The study revealed that the level of implementation of strategic plans was low (46 percent). The major causes of the low implementation were the NGOs' inadequate financial independence from donors to respond effectively and autonomously to the needs and priorities of their beneficiaries; inadequate capacity of the boards, management, donors, consultants and communities to effectively practice and contribute towards strategic management and leadership. In order to improve strategic management and leadership, the book offers suggestions on how NGOs can improve their financial sustainability, develop organizational capacity and ensure more effective downward accountability to the communities they serve.