Rule of Law is a basic concept, a outstanding performance and a combination of the culture, education, law and history of Western countries that Vietnam starts to introduce. The effects of law generates an invisible power, it based not on the religious myths, economic sanctions, police control and military dominance. When people and government are willing and councious to observe the law system, the Rule of Law will become an effective means of resolving social, national and international conflicts. Peace through law is therefore possible. In the theoretical part, this book introduces the historical development of the concept Rule of Law in the United Kingdom, France, Germany and the United States, the introductory concepts of law presented by Herbert Lionel Adolphus Hart, Immanuel Kant and Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes. In the practical part, this study outlines the prospects and challenges for countries in transition in introducing the legal reform, the emerging role of the Supreme Court of Justice in the Eastern European Countries and the individual and social conditions in Vietnam in order to promote the essence of justice. This handbook is an essential work for lawmakers, scholars, students and anyone else who believes the Rule of Law is useful to the proper functioning of Vietnamse society.