Nietzsche argued that metaphor is at the basis of language, concepts, and perception, making it the vehicle by which humans interpret the world. As such, metaphor has profound consequences for the nature of religion and of philosophy. Nietzsche, Metaphor, Religion connects Nietzsche s early writings on rhetoric and metaphor, especially as understood by contemporary French philosophers and literary theorists, with Nietzsche s later writings on religion. The result is a radically anti-foundationalist reading of Nietzsche s philosophy of religion as an unending series of metaphoric-literary agons or contests."