This book provides theoretical and practical insights related to bidirectional traffic on a stretch containing bottleneck segments. On a bottleneck segment concurrent traveling of vehicles in opposite direction is not possible. The book is motivated by and considers in particular the ship traffic at the Kiel Canal. It connects the North and Baltic Seas and is operated in both directions. In addition, considerations are included that account for the fact that ships register their requests only shortly before their arrival such that scheduling decisions must be adapted online.