This book represents a collection of some my articles. These articles are dedicated to relation between science, philosophy, worldview, theology and truth, then to various problems of science, mainly in quantum mechanics, further to philosophy of science (including the ethical problem of relation between academic freedom and the moral responsibility of a scientist) and finally to a new retrospective view on the history of natural sciences in XX-XXI cc. The history of natural sciences does partially include the science philosophy (the problems of the scientific realism, i.e. the correspondence of science to reality) and also a novel scheme for different classes of sciences with different objects and paradigms. Then there are analyzed the chosen "great" or "grand" problems of physics.