Oral sub mucous fibrosis is a disease peculiar to the Indian subcontinent population. It is seen in Indian immigrants to other countries as well as among Asians and Pacific islanders. Alarmingly, the incidence of this disease is increasing in the Indian subcontinent. Till date there has been no satisfactory treatment for this condition and various treatment modalities have been tried with mixed results. Here an attempt has been made to update and write an extensive review of literature on oral sub mucous fibrosis.