Ovarian cysts are small fluid-filled sacs that develop in a woman's ovaries. Most cysts are harmless, but some may cause problems such as rupturing, bleeding, or pain; and surgery may be required to remove the cyst(s). Ovarian cysts can be categorised as non-cancerous or cancerous growths. While cysts may be found in ovarian cancer, ovarian cysts typically represent a normal process or harmless (benign) condition. This book presents research from around the globe in this field.