Humanity is currently facing many critical challenges: a crisis in food production, the effects of climate change, and including global financial crisis. Peace lies at the centre of the ability to manage these many and varied challenges, simply because peace creates the optimum environment in which the other activities that contribute to human development and well-being can take place. In this sense, the current global context provides a unique opportunity for us to reconsider and redefine the role of peace as a facilitator of human progress. This book examines the role of fiscal policy in post-conflict African economies.