In the last decade, important progress has been achieved in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, in particular since the introduction of 5-HT3 antagonists which, when used in combination with steroids, can assure significant protection in the majority of patients. Nonetheless, for some relevant clinical problems there still is no satisfactory answer, and there are major differences in clinical practice regarding antiemetic use. This volume contains the results of the fifth Perugia International Cancer Conference which was organized in 8 sessions, a consensus document was prepared for each session forming a useful basis for future developments.