Pesticides in Surface Waters de Steven J. Larson

Pesticides in Surface Waters: Distribution, Trends, and Governing Factors

Steven J. Larson

Paul D. Capel

Michael Majewski

Pesticde use in agriculture and non-agriculture settings has increased dramatically over the last several decades. Concern about adverse effects on the environment and human health has spurred an enormous amount of research into their environmental behavior and fate. Pesticides in Surface Waters presents a comprehensive summary of this research.
This book evaluates published studies that focus on measuring pesticide concentration. The studies chosen include peer reviewed scientific literature, government reports, laboratory studies, and those using microcosms and artificial streams and ponds. The authors used this information to develop their overview of pesticide contamination of surface waters.
The exhaustive compilation of data along with the fundamental science make this book essential for those involved in pesticide use, environmental protection, water quality, and human or ecological risk assessment. Pesticides in Surface Waters covers the results of actual studies, sources of pesticides to surface water, fate and transport, and environmental significance. Hundreds of data-packed tables, maps, charts, and drawings illustrate the key points, making research and application easy and cost effective.

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Cuprins

Introduction to the Series, Preface, Editor’s Note, List of Figures, List of Tables, Conversion Factors, Abbreviations and Acronyms, Abstract, Chapter 1. Introduction, 1.1 Purpose, 1.2 Previous Reviews, 1.3 Approach, Chapter 2. Characteristics of Studies Reviewed, 2.1 Introduction, 2.2 General Design Features, 2.3 Target Analytes, 2.4 Geographic Distribution, 2.5 Temporal Distribution, 2.6 Matrices Sampled, 2.7 Analytical Limits of Detection, 2.8 Influence of Study Design, Chapter 3. Overview of Occurrence and Distribution of Pesticides in Relation to Use, 3.1 Occurrence, 3.2 National Pesticide Use, Agricultural Use, Pesticide Use in Urban Areas, Pesticide Use in Forestry, Pesticide Use on Roadways and Rights-of-Way, Aquatic Pesticide Use, 3.3 Occurrence and Distribution in Relation to Use, Introduction, Organochlorine Insecticides, Organophosphorus Insecticides, Triazine and Acetanilide Herbicides, Phenoxy Acid Herbicides, Other Herbicides, Insecticides, and Fungicides, Herbicides, Insecticides, Fungicides, 3.4 Long-Term Trends in Pesticide Occurrence in Surface Waters, Organochlorine Insecticides, Organophosphorus and Other Insecticides, Triazine and Acetanilide Herbicides, Chapter 4. Factors Controlling the Behavior and Fate of Pesticides in Surface Waters, 4.1 Sources of Pesticides to Surface Waters, Introduction, Pesticides from Agricultural Applications, Pesticides from Forestry Applications, Pesticides from Roadways and Rights-of-Way, Pesticides from Urban and Suburban Applications, Pesticides from Aquatic Applications, Pesticides from Manufacturing Waste and Accidental Spills, Pesticides from Ground Water, Pesticides from the Atmosphere, Pesticides from Bed Sediments, 4.2 Behavior and Fate of Pesticides in Surface Waters, Introduction, Transformation Processes, Phase-Transfer Processes, Transport of Pesticides in Surface Waters, Chapter 5. Analysis of Key Topics—Sources, Behavior, and Transport, 5.1 Seasonal Patterns of Pesticide Occurrence, 5.2 Sources and Concentrations of Pesticides in Remote Water Bodies, 5.3 Impact of Urban-Use Pesticides on Surface Water Quality, 5.4 Impact of Forestry-Use Pesticides on Surface Water Quality, 5.5 Pesticide Transformation Products in Surface Waters, 5.6 Modeling of Pesticides in Surface Waters, Structure-Activity Models, Runoff Models, Surface Water Transport Models, Multimedia Models, Use of Models, Chapter 6. Analysis of Key Topics—Environmental Significance, 6.1 Implications for Human Health, 6.2 Implications for Health of Aquatic Organisms, Pesticide Concentrations Exceeding Aquatic-Life Criteria Values, Fish Kills Attributed to Pesticides, Effects of Atrazine on Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems, 6.3 Environmental Significance of Pesticide Transformation Products in Surface Waters, Chapter 7. Summary and Conclusions, Appendix: Glossary of Common and Chemical Names of Pesticides, References, Index

Descriere

Pesticide use in agriculture and non-agriculture settings has increased dramatically over the last several decades. Concern about adverse effects on the environment and human health has spurred an enormous amount of research into their environmental behavior and fate. Pesticides in Surface Waters presents a comprehensive summary of this research.